INDICATOR DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES FOR 2005:
Infant mortality: Number of deaths in the first year of life per 1000 live births. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System, E-Stats—Deaths: Final Data for 2004, Table 1, at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs.
Child poverty: Percent of related children under 18 in families with incomes below the poverty line. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, Historical Poverty Tables, Table 20, at http://www.census.gov.
Child abuse: Number of children involved in reports of maltreatment per 1,000 population ages 0-18. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Children's Bureau, Child Maltreatment 2004, Table 3-1, at http://www.childwelfare.gov.
Teenage suicide: Number of suicides by persons ages 15-19 per 100,000 population. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System, Final Mortality Data 2004 (by email).
Teenage drug abuse: Percent of twelfth graders who have used any illicit drug in the previous year. L.D. Johnston, P.M. O'Malley, J.G. Bachman, and J. Schulenberg, Monitoring the Future, National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2005, vol. 1: Secondary School Students (NIH Publication No. 06-5883, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2006), Table 5.2, at http://www.monitoringthefuture.org.
High school dropouts: Percent of persons ages 18-24 who have not finished high school and are not enrolled in school (Status Dropouts). U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey Reports, School Enrollment, Historical Tables, Table A-5a, at http://www.census.gov.
Unemployment: Number of unemployed as percent of civilian labor force. U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Tables from Employment and Earnings: Annual averages, Household Data, Table 1, at http://stats.bls.gov.
Wages: Average weekly earnings, total private, 1982 dollars. Economic Report of the President 2007 (2007), Table B-47.
Health insurance coverage: Percent of total population that is uninsured. U.S. Bureau of the Census, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2005 (Aug. 2006), Table C-1, at http://www.census.gov.
Poverty, ages 65 and over: Percent of the population 65 and over living in poverty. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, Historical Poverty Tables, Table 20, at http://www.census.gov.
Out-of-pocket health cost, ages 65 and over: Expenditures for health insurance, medical services, drugs, and medical supplies by households, ages 65 and over, as percentage of income. Health-care expenditures: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, at http://stats.bls.gov/cex/home.htm. Median household income before taxes, by age-group of head of household: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, Historical Income Tables, Table H10, at http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income.html. Calculations by the Institute.
Homicides: Number of murders and non-negligent manslaughters per 100,000 population. U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reports, Crime in the United States 2005 (2006), at http://www.fbi.gov/ucr.
Alcohol-related traffic fatalities: Deaths in alcohol-related crashes [driver, pedestrian, and/or cyclist had blood-alcohol level of .01 or higher] as percentage of all traffic fatalities. U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Traffic Safety Facts 2005, Table 13, at http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov.
Food stamp coverage: Percent of poor persons who live in households that receive food stamps. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, Detailed Poverty Tables, Table POV 26, at http://www.census.gov.
Affordable housing: Housing Affordability Index—one-quarter of median family income, as percentage of the funds necessary to qualify for an 80 percent mortgage on a median-price home. National Association of Realtors, Housing Affordability Index: All Buyers, at http://www.realtor.org.
Income inequality: Gini coefficient over time. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage 2005 (Aug. 2006), Table A-3, at http://www.census.gov.